NANO MATERIALS AND SYSTEM LABORATORY 5 ENERGY HARVESTERS PIEZOELECTRIC NANOGENERATOR (PNG) Piezoelectric Nanogenerator (PNG) technology offers a highly reliable, stable, and efficient approach to convert waste mechanical energy produced from society such as low-frequency mechanical vibrations from machines, human body movements, ocean waves, and wind and water flow motions into useful electrical energy. To date, extensive fabrication methods, the growth of various one dimensional (1D) and two dimensional (2D) inorganic piezoelectric structures on plastic substrates, flexible polymer films, and device designs (planar, stretchable, cylindrical, or fiber) were developed to improve PNG technology as a prominent harvesting approach for creating a sustainable independent power source to drive electronic devices consuming low amounts of power. Moreover, the device compatibility, electrical output performance (nW/cm2 to μW/cm2) under various harsh environments, and flexibility issues were optimized taking into account the real-time commercialized PNG product. 01
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