10 JEJU NATIONAL UNIVERSITY RECOVERY OF SPENT LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES The growth in demand for lithium-ion batteries has boosted the hope to overcome the main three challenges of environmental pollution, energy security, and climate change. To date, new electric vehicles have been introduced all over the world as preferable choices due to environmental friendlessness and no fuel requirement. Additionally, consumer electronics from mobile phones to laptops strongly rely on LIBs due to high energy density and long-term cyclability. However, the service life of LIBs is ~3–5 years because of the irreversible nature of (de) lithiation after several charge-discharge cycles that ultimately increase the spent LIBs in the e-waste stream. The LIBs have been used for more than 30 years and accumulated considerable spent LIBs. Therefore, recycling of spent LIBs materials is beneficial for handling the shortage of Li, Co, and graphite resources as well as a crucial aspect of developing green and sustainable energy industries. Currently, scholars are on a way to find efficient and effective recycling technologies for reusing all materials from spent LIBs. We work on different techniques of recycling like mechanical recycling, pyrometallurgy, leaching, and electrodeposition. Recently, NMSL was actively working to recycle battery materials for battery applications and other energy devices.
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